Glossary Terms

A trial design where each participant receives both the real treatment and the comparison treatment in sequence — so every

A range around a study’s result that tells you how precise the estimate is — the wider the range, the

A lab test that measures how strongly a compound grabs onto a receptor by seeing how well it displaces a

The main structural protein in skin, tendons, ligaments, bone, and cartilage — what gives these tissues their tensile strength.The most

The standardized stages of human drug testing — each phase answers different questions and involves more people than the last.Phase

Your internal biological clock — the ~24-hour cycle that regulates when you sleep, when hormones peak, when your immune system

A peptide engineered to pass through cell membranes so it can reach targets inside the cell, not just on the

Metabolic processes that break things down — the opposite of the anabolic (building) state that GH secretagogues and IGF-1 are

The brief transitional phase of hair follicle cycling — the growth phase switches off, the follicle shrinks, and the hair

A molecular "messenger" inside cells that relays instructions from surface receptors to the machinery inside the cell — a pivotal