An enzyme on cell surfaces that chops up many signaling peptides—including VIP and natriuretic peptides—limiting how long they can act.Neutral endopeptidase (NEP/CD10, neprilysin, EC 3.4.24.11) is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease expressed on cell surfaces throughout the body. It cleaves numerous bioactive peptides: natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP), VIP, substance P, enkephalins, amyloid-beta, and bradykinin. NEP inhibition (sacubitril in Entresto) is an established cardiovascular therapy. For peptide therapeutics, NEP represents a major degradation pathway that limits half-life and bioavailability of subcutaneously or intravenously administered peptides.